Abstract

The apoptosis of microvascular endothelial cells causes plasma leakage in dengue haemorrhagic fever patients. The soluble Fas ligand is a protein with molecular weight of 40 kDa that acts as a mediator of apoptosis. This study aimed to prove whether soluble Fas ligand can be used as a potential marker to predict the severity of dengue infection by comparing the soluble Fas ligand levels in dengue fever (DF) and dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) patients early in the course of illness. This was a prospective study. It included 42 dengue patients (22 DF patients and 20 DHF patients) and 20 healthy people as a control group. The soluble Fas ligand was measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Soluble Fas ligand was increased significantly (P < 0.001) in DHF patients (median = 130.19, IQR = 36.26) compared to DF patients (median = 104.73, IQR = 53.94) and the control group (median = 87.16, IQR = 24.91). Soluble Fas ligand can be used as a potential marker to predict the severity of dengue infection in the early course of the illness. However, a larger sample size and further objective studies are needed to confirm these findings.

Highlights

  • Dengue infection is a serious health problem in tropical and subtropical regions of the world [1]

  • Soluble Fas ligand can be used as a potential marker to predict the severity of dengue infection in the early course of the illness

  • The dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) patients showed elevated median soluble Fas ligand levels compared to the dengue fever (DF) patients and the control group

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Summary

Introduction

Dengue infection is a serious health problem in tropical and subtropical regions of the world [1]. Elevated levels of several cytokines and chemical mediators cause plasma leakage and shock [7]. The apoptosis of microvascular endothelial cells may explain the plasma leakage mechanism in DHF [8]. The Fas ligand (FasL) is a protein that belongs to the TNF-α family and has a molecular weight of 40 kDa; it serves as a mediator of apoptosis. The apoptosis of microvascular endothelial cells causes plasma leakage in dengue haemorrhagic fever patients. The soluble Fas ligand is a protein with molecular weight of 40 kDa that acts as a mediator of apoptosis. This study aimed to prove whether soluble Fas ligand can be used as a potential marker to predict the severity of dengue infection by comparing the soluble Fas ligand levels in dengue fever (DF) and dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) patients early in the course of illness

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