Abstract
Background: Acute cerebral infarction (ACI) includes cardiogenic ACI treated with anticoagulants and atherosclerotic ACI treated with antiplatelet agents. The differential diagnosis between cardiogenic and atherosclerotic ACI is still difficult. Materials and Methods: The plasma sCLEC-2 and D-dimer levels were measured using the STACIA system. Results: The plasma sCLEC-2 level was significantly high in patients with ACI, especially those in patients with atherosclerotic or lacunar ACI, and plasma D-dimer levels were significantly high in patients with cardioembolic ACI. The plasma levels of sCLEC-2 and the sCLEC-2/D-dimer ratios in patients with atherosclerotic or lacunar ACI were significantly higher than those in patients with cardioembolic ACI. The plasma D-dimer levels in patients with atherosclerotic or lacunar ACI were significantly lower than those in patients with cardioembolic ACI. The plasma levels of sCLEC-2 and the sCLEC-2/D-dimer ratios were significantly higher in patients with atherosclerotic or lacunar ACI or acute myocardial infarction in comparison to patients with cardioembolic ACI or those with deep vein thrombosis. Conclusion: Using both the plasma sCLEC-2 and D-dimer levels may be useful for the diagnosis of ACI, and differentiating between atherosclerotic and cardioembolic ACI.
Highlights
Stroke occurs in more than 13.7 million people each year, with 5.8 million people dying each year as a consequence
A patient with cardioembolic Acute cerebral infarction (ACI) is treated with vitamin K antagonist or direct oral anticoagulant, while a patient with atherosclerotic or lacunar ACI or transient ischemic attack (TIA) is treated with aspirin or other antiplatelet agents [1,6], because, it is considered that the platelet activation may play an important role in atherosclerosis [7]
The age was higher in patients with heart failure, the platelet count was lower in patients with heart failure or benign anemia and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), the PT-INR was higher in patients with benign anemia and ITP, and the D-dimer level was higher in patients with pulmonary embolism (PE), deep vein thrombosis (DVT), or heart failure in comparison with patients with ACI
Summary
Stroke occurs in more than 13.7 million people each year, with 5.8 million people dying each year as a consequence. Pulmonary embolism Deep vein thrombosis diagnosis between cardioembolic ACI and atherosclerotic or lacunar ACI may be difficult. Acute cerebral infarction (ACI) includes cardiogenic ACI treated with anticoagulants and atherosclerotic ACI treated with antiplatelet agents. The plasma levels of sCLEC-2 and the sCLEC-2/D-dimer ratios in patients with atherosclerotic or lacunar ACI were significantly higher than those in patients with cardioembolic ACI. The plasma D-dimer levels in patients with atherosclerotic or lacunar ACI were significantly lower than those in patients with cardioembolic ACI. The plasma levels of sCLEC-2 and the sCLEC-2/D-dimer ratios were significantly higher in patients with atherosclerotic or lacunar ACI or acute myocardial infarction in comparison to patients with cardioembolic ACI or those with deep vein thrombosis. Conclusion: Using both the plasma sCLEC-2 and D-dimer levels may be useful for the diagnosis of ACI, and differentiating between atherosclerotic and cardioembolic ACI
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