Abstract
The solubilization, solution thermodynamics, solvation behavior and Hansen solubility parameters (HSPs) of an anti-inflammatory medicine flufenamic acid (FFA) in various Carbitol + water mixtures were evaluated in this study. The experimental solubility of FFA in mole fraction (xe) was measured at T = 298.2–318.2 K and p = 0.1 MPa using a static equilibrium method. The xe values of FFA in various Carbitol + water mixtures were correlated with van’t Hoff, Apelblat, Yalkowsky–Roseman, Jouyban–Acree and Jouyban–Acree–van’t Hoff models. All the studied models showed good correlation with mean error values of less than 2%. The xe value of FFA was found to increase significantly with the increase in temperature and Carbitol mass fraction in all Carbitol + water mixtures evaluated. The maximum and minimum xe values of FFA were recorded in pure Carbitol (2.81 × 10−1) at T = 318.2 K and pure water (5.80 × 10−7) at T = 298.2 K, respectively. Moreover, the HSP of FFA was found to be more closed with that of pure Carbitol, indicating the maximum solubility of FFA in pure Carbitol. The estimated values of activity coefficients showed higher molecular interactions in FFA–Carbitol combinations compared with FFA–water combinations. Thermodynamic studies indicated an endothermic and entropy-driven dissolution of FFA in all Carbitol + water mixtures. The solvation behavior of FFA was observed as enthalpy driven in all Carbitol + water combinations evaluated.
Highlights
Flufenamic acid (FFA; Figure 1) is a small molecule non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)Flufenamic acidtreatment (FFA; Figure1)and is ainflammation small molecule non-steroidal anti-inflammatory which is used in the of pain associated with different diseases [1,2].drug It is (NSAID)which is used in the treatment of pain and inflammation associated with different diseases available in oral and topical dosage forms on the market [2,3]
The mole fraction solubility of FFA in pure water recorded in the present work was in accordance with those reported in literature
Higher solute-solvent interactions were considered in FFA–Carbitol compared to FFA–water
Summary
Flufenamic acid (FFA; Figure 1) is a small molecule non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). 1)and is ainflammation small molecule non-steroidal anti-inflammatory which is used in the of pain associated with different diseases [1,2].drug. Which is used in the treatment of pain and inflammation associated with different diseases available in oral and topical dosage forms on the market [2,3] It is a potent NSAID and has a pKa [1,2]. Available oraloctanol/water and topical dosage forms on the market is a potent NSAID and has valueItofis3.9, with ain high partition coefficient A pKa value of 3.9, with a high octanol/water partition coefficient (log P = 4.88) [3]
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