Abstract
Introduction: Bioceramic technology has been introduced recently in endodontics to benefit from the formation of hydroxyapatite during the setting reaction in the presence of tissue fluid and establish a chemical bond at the dentin interface. Objectives: To evaluate some of physiochemical properties of new different Bioceramic (iRoot-SP, EndoSequence, Smartpastebio) versus mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA-Fillapex) root canal sealers. Adseal and ActiV-GP sealers were used as control. Methods: Standard discs (10 for each) were prepared and immersed in 20 ml deionized water. After 1, 7, 14 and 28 days, solubility, pH changes and released elements were calculated and statistically analyzed with ANOVA test. Results: A significantly greater solubility and higher alkalinity were displayed by the tested sealers (in descending order) Smartpastebio, iRoot-SP, EndoSequence and MTA-Fillapex (P<0.05). Their solubility exceeded the acceptable limit (3%). Their maximum alkaline pH was exhibited after 7 days. Adseal and ActiV-GP exhibited initial neutral and acidic pH respectively. Finally both had neutral pH. EndoSequence exhibited the significantly greatest calcium release followed by iRoot-SP, Smartpastebio and MTA-Fillapex, whereas, ActiV-GP and Adseal exhibited the significantly lowest values (P<0.05). There was no silicon released from iRoot-SP, Smartpastebio and MTA-Fillapex. ActiV-GP exhibited the greatest silicon, aluminum and iron release. The greatest phosphorous, manganese and magnesium content was obtained by Adseal, MTA-Fillapex and EndoSequence respectively. Conclusion: Under the condition of this study, the prolonged alkalinity of calcium silicate sealers was synchronized with their ongoing solubility. The higher calcium ions released indicated strong alkalinity. The inequality in aluminum, iron, manganese and magnesium released by the tested sealers may expect the variance in their behaviors.
Highlights
Bioceramic technology has been introduced recently in endodontics to benefit from the formation of hydroxyapatite during the setting reaction in the presence of tissue fluid and establish a chemical bond at the dentin interface
Bioceramic and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) root canal sealers were recently introduced into the endodontic field to benefit from the formation of hydroxyapatite during the setting reaction in the presence of tissue fluid and establish a chemical bond at the dentin interface [1]
Adseal and ActiV-GP displayed an initial increase in weight % that gradually declined with the final solubility falling within the acceptable American Dental Association (ADA) tolerance range (Figure 1)
Summary
Bioceramic technology has been introduced recently in endodontics to benefit from the formation of hydroxyapatite during the setting reaction in the presence of tissue fluid and establish a chemical bond at the dentin interface. Bioceramic and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) root canal sealers were recently introduced into the endodontic field to benefit from the formation of hydroxyapatite during the setting reaction in the presence of tissue fluid and establish a chemical bond at the dentin interface [1]. Solubility, pH changes and released elements of root canal sealers have an impact on their clinical, biological and antibacterial behaviors. The alkaline pH is closely related to the increased hydroxyl and calcium ion (Ca2+) release after root canal obturation, which inhibits growth of residual microbes, and this enhances healing of periapical pathosis [3,4]. There are not enough publications that prove their physiochemical behavior
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