Abstract
The system CaCO 3 Ca(OH) 2(CC CH) represents a synthetic analog to a carbonatite magma. Addition of a light rare earth (RE) component La(OH) 3 (LH) gives a simple analog of a rare earth carbonatite. Liquidus relations for two joins were studied at 1 kbar pressure; CH LH and (CC 55CH 45) LH. CH LH is binary with a eutectic at CH 79LH 21 and 710°C. Thejoin CC 55 + CH 45) LH has a liquidus piercing point between CC and LH, at (CC 55CH 45) 60LH 40 and 700°C. Combining the new results with known results for CC CH allows construction of a liquidus diagram for part of the join CC CH LH. A ternary eutectic between the primary liquidus fields for CH, CC and LH occurs near 610°C with estimated composition CC= 33%,CH= 47%,LH= 20%. The solubility of La(OH) 3 in the synthetic carbonatite magma increases with increase of CO 2/H 2O from 20% at the eutectic to 40% at the piercing point on the join (CC 55CH 45) LH. The solubility of La in synthetic carbonatite is high compared with that of silicates. P 2O 5, and S. The results show that REE can become concentrated to high levels by fractionation of carbonatites, as long as they are not removed by high temperature crystallization of apatite and monazite.
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