Solubility measurement, modeling, and solvent effect of m-hydroxyacetophenone in ten pure and binary mixed solvents from T = (289.15–325.15) K

Abstract

The solubility of m-hydroxyacetophenone (m-HAP) in ten individual solvents (methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, benzene, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, and water), as well as in methanol + water binary solvents, was measured by gravimetric method at atmospheric pressure of 101.3 kPa. Experimental temperatures range from 289.15 K to 325.15 K. In addition, semi-empirical equations (the modified Apelblat, van't Hoff, λh, Jouyban-Acree-van’t Hoff, KAT-LSER, and the combined equation) and activity coefficient models (Wilson, NRTL, UNIQUAC equation) were used to correlate solubility data of pure and binary mixed solvents. The fitting results demonstrate that nine thermodynamic models involved in the correlation have a good predictive effect for different solvents. Among these models, the modified Apelblat model has the minimum ARD of 1.56% for mono-solvents, and the Wilson equation has the best agreement in methanol + water binary solvents with ARD of 4.73%. Furthermore, the Hansen solubility parameters were applied to analyze the effect of interactions between m-HAP and solvent molecules. The KAT-LSER model was employed to explore the solvent effect for m-HAP in pure and binary solvents. Correlation results indicate that the solvent–solvent interaction represented by cavity term δH accounts for a large proportion of 45.22% among the four interaction forces. Finally, thermodynamic properties (ΔHsolo, ΔGsolo, ΔSsolo) of dissolution in different solvents were calculated by the van’t Hoff equation and the dissolution is an endothermic, non-spontaneous, and enthalpy-driven process.