Abstract
The equilibrium solubility of β-arbutin (ARB) in 12 pure (including water, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, sec-butanol, n-pentanol, acetone, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, and 1,4-dioxane) and 4 binary (water + acetone, water + isopropanol, methanol + acetonitrile, and methanol + ethyl acetate) solvent systems was measured by the gravimetric method at different temperatures under atmospheric pressure. The experimental results indicated that the solubility of ARB increased with the increase of temperature and the content of positive solvent and decreased with the increase of antisolvent composition. The ARB monohydrate was obtained from water and binary solvents containing water, and the cosolvency phenomenon was found in the mixed solvents of water + acetone, water + isopropanol, and methanol + acetonitrile. In addition, the modified Apelblat model, the Jouyban–Acree model, and the Apelblat–Jouyban–Acree model were used to correlate the experimental solubility data, and the values of average relative deviations and root-mean-square deviations between the experimental and calculated solubilities were no more than 11.534 × 10–2 and 18.472 × 10–4, respectively. The calculated values of the three thermodynamic models were in good agreement with the experimental solubility data.
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