Solubilidad proteica, contenido de mioglobina, color y pH de la carne de pollo, gallina y codorniz

Abstract

The meat proteins are responsible for diverse characteristics of their derived products. The solubility of the meat proteins can be an index of other important functional properties for the meat processing (as the emulsification), while the myoglobin content influences the meat color. In order to evaluate the solubility of the sarcoplasmic and myofibrillar proteins as well as the myoglobin content in poultry meat, there were obtained chicken, hen and quail carcasses from commercial slaughterhouses; it was applied a completely random design with factorial arrangement 3x2: type of poultry (chicken, hen and quail) and body portion (breast and leg meat), with six treatments, three repetitions in each treatment. There was found interaction in the factors: lightness (L), redness (a), pH, extractability of sarcoplasmic and myofibrillar proteins. The myoglobin content was affected by the body portion and the type of poultry, being higher in the leg than in the breast (0.99 and 0.47 mg/g meat, respectively), the quail had the highest value (1.13 mg/g) and the chicken the lowest value (0.37 mg/g). In all the cases the leg pH was higher than the breast pH. There was a tendency to obtain a higher extractability of the sarcoplasmic proteins from the breast meat, while the myofibrillar proteins were obtained in a higher proportion from the leg portion. The information generated about the characteristics of these poultry meat is novel in Venezuela and can contribute to explain the behavior of these raw materials during the processing activities.