Solitons of the KP equation in dusty plasma with variable dust charge and two temperature ions: energy and stability

Abstract

The propagation of nonlinear waves in dusty plasmas with variable dust charge and two temperature ions is analyzed. By using the reductive perturbation theory, the Kadomtsev-Petviashivili (KP) equation is derived. A Sagdeev potential has been investigated. This potential is used to study the stability conditions for existence of solitonic solutions. Also, it is shown that a rarefactive soliton can exist in most of the cases. The energy of the soliton has been calculated and by using the standard normal-mode analysis a linear dispersion relation has been obtained. The effects of variable dust charge on the amplitude, width and energy of soliton and its effects on the angular frequency of linear wave are also discussed.