Soliton Rectangular Pulses and Bound States in a Dissipative System Modeled by the Variable-Coefficients Complex Cubic-Quintic Ginzburg–Landau EquationSupported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11875008 and 12075034), and the Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Excellent Ph.D. Students Foundation (Grant No. CX2021129).

Abstract

The complex cubic-quintic Ginzburg–Landau equation (CQGLE) is a universal model for describing a dissipative system, especially fiber laser. The analytic one-soliton solution of the variable-coefficients CQGLE is calculated by a modified Hirota method. Then, phenomena of soliton pulses splitting and stable bound states of two solitons are investigated. Moreover, rectangular dissipative soliton pulses of the variable-coefficients CQGLE are realized and controlled effectively in the theoretical research for the first time, which breaks through energy limitation of soliton pulses and is expected to provide theoretical basis for preparation of high-energy soliton pulses in fiber lasers.