Soliton Molecule and Breather-Soliton Molecule Structures for a General Sixth-Order Nonlinear EquationSupported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11975204, 11835011, and 12075208), the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (Grant No. LY19A050003), and the Project of Zhoushan City Science and Technology Bureau (Grant No. 2021C21015).

Abstract

Starting from a general sixth-order nonlinear wave equation, we present its multiple kink solutions, which are related to the famous Hirota form. We also investigate the restrictions on the coefficients of this wave equation for possessing multiple kink structures. By introducing the velocity resonance mechanism to the multiple kink solutions, we obtain the soliton molecule solution and the breather-soliton molecule solution of the sixth-order nonlinear wave equation with particular coefficients. The three-dimensional image and the density map of these soliton molecule solutions with certain choices of the involved free parameters are well exhibited. After matching the parametric restrictions of the sixth-order nonlinear wave equation for having three-kink solution with the coefficients of the integrable bidirectional Sawada–Kotera–Caudrey–Dodd–Gibbons (SKCDG) equation, the breather-soliton molecule solution for the bidirectional SKCDG equation is also illustrated.