Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome: physiology and treatment options

Abstract

Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome (SRUS) is a rare condition that can lead to pain, rectal bleeding and mucus. It is associated with chronic straining and abnormal defaecatory behaviour, including digitating and several unsuccessful visits to the toilet daily. Other symptoms can include tenesmus, altered bowel habit and incontinence. It can also be accompanied with a rectal prolapse, which may involve protrusion of either the rectal mucosa or the entire wall of the rectum. SRUS is known for its chronicity and can be difficult to treat. This article reviews SRUS, discussing possible causes and the various treatments that might be used, including medication, surgery and biofeedback therapy.