Abstract

IntroductionSolitary plasmacytoma is a rare malignant tumor of plasma cells with no evidence of systemic proliferation. There are two known subtypes: extramedullary solitary plasmacytoma and solitary bone plasmacytoma. The etiology is still unknown. Both lesions present a risk of progression to multiple myeloma. A number of approaches have been used for treatment of solitary plasmacytoma.ObjectiveTo carry out a systematic review of the case reports described in the literature, focusing on therapeutic and prognostic aspects.MethodsA search of clinical case reports was performed in the PubMed database using Mesh Terms related to “plasmacytoma” under the following criteria: type of study (case report), articles in English language, conducted in humans, with no publication date limits.ResultsOf the 216 articles found, only 21 articles met the pre-established inclusion criteria.ConclusionThe occurrence of solitary bone plasmacytoma in the bones of the face is a rare condition prevalent between the 4th and 6th decades of life, located in the posterior region of the mandible in most cases. Histopathological examination and systemic investigation are mandatory for confirmation of diagnosis.

Highlights

  • Solitary plasmacytoma (SP) is a rare malignant tumor of plasma cells with no evidence of systemic proliferation

  • The SP presents an incidence of 2---5% of all neoplasms and two subtypes: extramedullary solitary plasmacytoma (ESP) and solitary bone plasmacytoma (SBP).[1,2]

  • The etiology of solitary plasmacytoma is unknown, it is suggested that chronic stimulation, radiation overdose, viral infections and genetic interaction in the reticuloendothelial system may contribute to the development of the lesion.[4]

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Summary

Introduction

Solitary plasmacytoma (SP) is a rare malignant tumor of plasma cells with no evidence of systemic proliferation. When there is systemic involvement, that is, the involvement of multiple skeletal sites, the disease is called multiple myeloma (MM), one of the most frequent presentations of neoplasia of the plasma cells.[1]. The etiology of solitary plasmacytoma is unknown, it is suggested that chronic stimulation, radiation overdose, viral infections and genetic interaction in the reticuloendothelial system may contribute to the development of the lesion.[4]. The SBP has a predilection for males between the 6th and the 7th decades of life, it can affect individuals of any age. Patients affected by SBP, in general, present a primary complaint of swelling associated with minimal pain.[5,6]

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