Abstract

Solitary neurofibroma is a benign nerve sheath neoplasm composed of Schwann cells, perineural cells, fibroblasts, mast cells, collagen, and blood vessels. Microscopically, the neurofibromas are further subclassified according to their growth patterns as classic, collagenous, cellular, myxoid, and pigmented. Oral cavity involvement in solitary neurofibroma in patients without neurofibromatosis is uncommon. The treatment is surgical excision. A 61-year-old woman complained of a mass, of 30 years' evolution, on the lower lip. Clinical examination showed a nodular lesion measuring 3 cm in diameter on the lower lip. Microscopic examination showed a proliferation of spindle cells with slender, often wavy nuclei embedded in a predominant collagenous stroma admixed with myxoid areas. Masson's trichrome staining highlighted a predominant collagenous stroma, and immunohistochemistry was positive for vimentin, S100, CD10, and CD34. Ki-67 labeling index was less than 5%. The diagnosis was localized neurofibroma with predominant collagenous stroma.

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