Solid-Phase Extraction Clean-up Combined with Solidified Floating Organic Drop Microextraction for the Determination of Trace Manganese(II) in Different Environmental Matrices

Abstract

Solid-phase extraction (SPE) clean-up combined with solidified floating organic drop microextraction (SFODME) has been developed as a new approach for the extraction and determination of trace manganese(II) in environmental water and vegetable samples. After purification of the samples by a graphene-packed SPE cartridge, SFODME technique was performed on the obtained solution. The main parameters affecting the performance of SFODME, such as type of extraction solvent as well as extraction volume, time, temperature, pH, the amount of the chelating agent, and salt effect were investigated and optimized. Under optimum conditions, a preconcentration factor of 81.0 was obtained from 7.0 mL of sample solution. The calibration graph was linear in the range from 1.90 to 400 μg/L with a detection limit of 0.57 μg/L. The relative standard deviation for ten replicate measurements of 10 and 300 μg/L of manganese(II) were 3.57 and 2.63 %, respectively. The proposed method was applied to tap, sea, river, and vegetable samples, and its accuracy was assessed through the analysis of certified reference water and recovery experiments.