Abstract
Immiscible alloy is a kind of functional metal material with broad application prospects in industry and electronic fields, which has aroused extensive attention in recent decades. In the solidification process of metallic material processing, various attractive phenomena can be realized by applying a high magnetic field (HMF), including the nucleation and growth of alloys and microstructure evolution, etc. The selectivity provided by Lorentz force, thermoelectric magnetic force, and magnetic force or a combination of magnetic field effects can effectively control the solidification process of the melt. Recent advances in the understanding of the development of immiscible alloys in the solidification microstructure induced by HMF are reviewed. In this review, the immiscible alloy systems are introduced and inspected, with the main focus on the relationship between the migration behavior of the phase and evolution of the solidification microstructure under HMF. Special attention is paid to the mechanism of microstructure evolution caused by the magnetic field and its influence on performance. The ability of HMF to overcome microstructural heterogeneity in the solidification process provides freedom to design and modify new functional immiscible materials with desired physical properties. This review aims to offer an overview of the latest progress in HMF processing of immiscible alloys.
Highlights
When a single-phase liquid is cooled into the miscibility gap, the homogeneous liquid will be separated into two liquids with diverse properties and compositions, and the Marangoni and Stokes motions of the droplets lead to the formation of phase-segregated microstructure of immiscible alloy [10,11]
An important new technique called high magnetic field (HMF) processing has been applied to material processing as a non-contact method [12,13,14], especially during solidification [15,16], which contributes to the influencing of secondary particle migration/orientation [17] and liquid metal motion and convection [18,19] to achieve more accurate control over the microstructure of materials [20,21]
The results show that the combination of the newly developed HMF technology and the classical laboratory research seems to be able to solve the phase separation, microstructure evolution, and performance problems of immiscible alloy in the cooling process of the liquid miscibility gap
Summary
In the process of solidification, it has been discovered that the microstructure and properties of alloys are closely dependent on the phase migration behavior and distribution [25,26]. Supposing that there is a magnetic field gradient, the magnetic force will be generated by the interaction between the applied magnetic field gradient and the magnetization of the material [32] In these cases, a segregation or separation of diverse phases may be expected. The results show that the combination of the newly developed HMF technology and the classical laboratory research seems to be able to solve the phase separation, microstructure evolution, and performance problems of immiscible alloy in the cooling process of the liquid miscibility gap. This paper was undertaken with the purpose of offering an insight into the evolution of phase migration and distribution in immiscible liquids in HMF, with an emphasis on understanding the synergism between the solidification microstructure and HMF
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