Abstract

Cold thermal storage can be used to manage peak load when the energy demand is exceeding the capacities of the electric companies. Latent heat thermal storage is more effective because it requires less spacing and has higher thermal capacity than other types. Solidification and melting are taking place in CTS and need more investigation for better performance. Phase change materials properties vary and need more investigation to select the most suitable for a certain application. The analytical equations are needed for design of CTS and get the maximum efficiency out of it. Cost effectiveness is also described.

Highlights

  • The electric energy consumption in a country like Saudi Arabia reaches its peak during summer time

  • Most of this consumption goes to air conditioning, i.e. 75% to 90% of total electric energy production by the Saudi Electrical Companies during summer season are consumed for cooling

  • The peak load or Peak demand are terms used in energy demand management describing a period in which electrical power is expected to be provided for a sustained period at a significantly higher than average supply level

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Summary

Introduction

The electric energy consumption in a country like Saudi Arabia reaches its peak during summer time. Most of this consumption goes to air conditioning, i.e. 75% to 90% of total electric energy production by the Saudi Electrical Companies during summer season are consumed for cooling. Load management initiatives are usually investigated by the electric companies to smooth the system load curve (Load leveling of electricity) (Figure 1). Cold thermal storages were built successfully in several projects in Saudi Arabia such as, Al Mamlaka Tower in Riyadh, King Khalid Training Center in Riyadh and King Abdulaziz University Campus in Jeddah

Concept of thermal energy storage
Chilled water storage systems
Eutectic systems
Phase change materials
Fundamental studies related to cold thermal storage
Falling film phenomena
Ice formation characteristics
Heat transfer analysis for freezing
Heat transfer coefficient inside the tube hi
Effects of the falling film behavior on ice accumulation
Falling film backsplash
Discharging of ice and reusing it
Heat transfer analysis of discharging
Characteristics of ice releasing
Utilize thin film
Findings
Summary
Full Text
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