Solidago canadensis L. — potential bioremeditor of contaminated soil

Abstract

Goal. To determine the patterns of contamination adjacent to the motor road Kyiv — Odesa territories of the soil and the specificity of uptake by wild plants (zolotarnica canadian Solidagoсanadensis L.) pollutants.
 Methods. Field and laboratory studies.
 Results. The products of combustion of car engines moving along the freeway, there are a variety of chemical compounds, including metals — lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), and others. In soil samples taken at a distance of 5 m from the motorway, the presence of lead compounds was 11.401 mg/ kg, chromium — 19.361 mg/kg. At a distance of 1280 m from the roadway of the motorway in the soil was lead compounds 6,845 mg/kg, chromium — 5.376, cobalt — 0.271 mg/kg In the aboveground parts of plants of the canadian goldenrod (leaves, stems) high concentrations of the compounds were recorded in the samples that were selected at a distance of 5 m from the road: lead — 5.136 mg/kg, chromium — 6.366, cobalt — 3.158 mg/kg. At a distance of 5 m from the motorway in the underground parts of plants that are perennial organs, the concentration of lead compounds reached 2.763 mg/kg, chromium — 3.642, cobalt — 2.034 mg/kg. the distance from the motorway 1280 m recorded in the leaves of Canada goldenrod concentration of lead compounds in an average of 2.675 mg/kg, compared with the figures from the motorway (distance 5 m) 1.92 times, chromium — 1.614 (3.94 times less compared to the maximum accumulation in the experiments), compounds of cobalt — 0.165 mg/kg (in 19.1 times less).
 Conclusions. Accumulation of heavy metals in aerial parts of plants (leaves and stems) Canada goldenrod that grows near the road above (lead 1.86 times, 1.75 chromium, cobalt 1.55 times) compared with perennial underground parts of plants. The research results prove the feasibility of practical use of the canadian goldenrod as bioremediator contaminated soils of areas adjacent to roads with heavy traffic, and its sound practical economic use.