Abstract
Since the first demonstration of net cooling twenty years ago, optical refrigeration of solids has progressed to outperform all other solid-state cooling processes. It has become the first and only solid-state refrigerator capable of reaching cryogenic temperatures, and now the first solid-state cooling below 100 K. Such substantial progress required a multi-disciplinary approach of pump laser absorption enhancement, material characterization and purification, and thermal management. Here we present the culmination of two decades of progress, the record cooling to ≈ 91 K from room temperature.
Highlights
Since the first demonstration of net cooling twenty years ago, optical refrigeration of solids has progressed to outperform all other solid-state cooling processes
We present the culmination of two decades of progress, the record cooling to ≈ 91 K from room temperature
Laser cooling in solids is accomplished through the exchange of photons via anti-Stokes fluorescence[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]
Summary
Where λ is the laser wavelength, and λ f (T) is the mean fluorescence wavelength. The external quantum efficiency ηberxatcdkeestcerdibteersmth,eaflsroacktinoonwonf atomic excitation as the absorption that leads efficiency, to fluorescence photons escaping from the system. We present the culmination of progress, the first double digit solid-state refrigeration by cooling a YLF:10% Yb3+ crystal by anti-Stokes fluorescence to 91 K with ∆T = 178.5 K To achieve these record results, a YLF:Yb crystal having the lowest measured background absorption to date was grown. It was placed inside an improved non-resonant cavity that enhanced pump light absorption, accompanied by extensive efforts to minimize external heat loads. These results push optical refrigeration into the regime where a practical application is the step. Additional efficiency gains will be found in the purification of host materials and using other rare-earth ions and hosts
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