Abstract
A novel method using a packed column with perlite as a new sorbent has been developed for preconcentration of trace amounts of zinc and cadmium prior to their determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Several factors that may be affected on the solid phase extraction (SPE) process, such as pH, sample volume, flow rate, volume and concentration of eluent were studied and optimized. Linearity was maintained between 0.001–0.1 µg mL −1 for zinc, and 0.001–0.3 µg mL −1 for cadmium. Detection limits based on 3S b for zinc and cadmium were 1.8 and 1.6 ng mL −1 , respectively. The relative standard deviations of eight replicate measurements of 0.02 µg mL −1 of zinc and 0.05 µg mL −1 of cadmium ions were 2.1% and 1.8%, respectively. Finally, the developed method was successfully applied to extraction and determination of the zinc and cadmium ions in the water and food samples and satisfactory results were obtained. KEY WORDS : Solid phase extraction, Zinc determination, Cadmium determination, Preconcentration, Perlite Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2016 , 30(2), 175-184. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v30i2.2
Highlights
The contamination by heavy metals from various environmental sources including natural waters is a great concern nowadays
The optimum sorption and desorption properties of perlite for zinc and cadmium ions were studied by using column method
These results demonstrate the applicability of the analytical procedure for zinc and cadmium ions determination in food samples
Summary
The contamination by heavy metals from various environmental sources including natural waters is a great concern nowadays. Water pollution by heavy metals is causing serious ecological problems in many parts of the world [1]. The presence of trace heavy metals lower than the detection limits of these instrumental techniques is one of the main problems [6,7,8]. To solve this problem, an effective extraction and preconcentration method is necessary. Preconcentration techniques including liquid-liquid extraction, cloud point extraction, coprecipitation, membrane filtration and solid phase extraction (SPE) are generally used by the researchers around the world [9,10,11,12,13,14]
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