Abstract
The blood–brain barrier (BBB) plays a vital role in the protection and maintenance of homeostasis in the brain. In this way, it is an interesting target as an interface for various types of drug delivery, specifically in the context of the treatment of several neuropathological conditions where the therapeutic agents cannot cross the BBB. Drug toxicity and on-target specificity are among some of the limitations associated with current neurotherapeutics. In recent years, advances in nanodrug delivery have enabled the carrier system containing the active therapeutic drug to target the signaling pathways and pathophysiology that are closely linked to central nervous system (CNS) disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Huntington’s disease (HD), multiple sclerosis (MS), brain tumor, epilepsy, ischemic stroke, and neurodegeneration. At present, among the nano formulations, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) have emerged as a putative drug carrier system that can deliver the active therapeutics (drug-loaded SLNs) across the BBB at the target site of the brain, offering a novel approach with controlled drug delivery, longer circulation time, target specificity, and higher efficacy, and more importantly, reducing toxicity in a biomimetic way. This paper highlights the synthesis and application of SLNs as a novel nontoxic formulation strategy to carry CNS drugs across the BBB to improve the use of therapeutics agents in treating major neurological disorders in future clinics.
Highlights
An abundance of people worldwide are affected by various chronic neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), brain tumors/cancers, Huntington’s disease (HD), neuromuscular disease, multiple sclerosis (MS), neurodegeneration, and epilepsy, resulting in tremendous morbidity and mortality [1]
This study reports that solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs)-encapsulated curcumin has a better therapeutic effect compared to free curcumin in inhibiting acetylcholinesterase levels and enhancing glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase level
The rate of mortality and morbidity is still an unresolved issue associated with complex neuropathologies, as well as the mechanisms behind the disorders, and blood–brain barrier (BBB) serves as a barrier for most of the therapeutic drugs
Summary
An abundance of people worldwide are affected by various chronic neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), brain tumors/cancers, Huntington’s disease (HD), neuromuscular disease, multiple sclerosis (MS), neurodegeneration, and epilepsy, resulting in tremendous morbidity and mortality [1]. The. BBB needs to be studied in detail for the development of drug and carrier systems to deliver the drug to the brain site with long-term efficacy and less possible toxicity. Advanced drug delivery systems such as polymer-based nano-carrier-mediated drug delivery haves been developed as a front line clinical therapeutic method which can overcome the BBB-associated hindrances. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) are one of the safest and cheapest carriers of the drug, enabling the treatment of neurological disorders in a nontoxic, safe, and effective way by crossing the BBB. It is important to explore the properties of the BBB in detail, and to ensure that SLNs and their modifications function as an appropriate nanocarrier drug delivery system, with the potential to treat neurological disorders with less toxicity and fewer side effects
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