Abstract
A detailed anatomical revision on Solaropsis brasiliana (Deshayes 1832) has been carried out. New characters on shell, anatomy of soft parts, and a review of the genus distribution in South America, as well as clarification on S. brasiliana distributional area are provided in the present study. Solaropsis brasiliana is diagnosed by its globose, solid, and hirsute shell, with periphery obsoletely angular, bursa copulatrix with a thick, long diverticulum, a thick, long flagellum and a penis retractor muscle forked, with the vas deferens passing through it. This compiled information was used to test the phylogenetic position of S. brasiliana within South American Pleurodontidae through a cladistics analysis. In the phylogenetic hypothesis obtained, S. brasiliana is sister group of S. gibboni (Pfeiffer 1846) and the monophyly of the genus Solaropsis Beck is also supported. Here, we sustain that the distribution of S. brasiliana is restricted to Brazil, inhabiting the States of Rio de Janeiro, Espírito Santo, Bahia and Minas Gerais.
Highlights
The genus Solaropsis Beck 1837, as well as the other American taxa formerly classified into Camaenidae, has a complex systematic history that has yet to be untangled
Morphological evidence used for a cladistics analysis supported the monophyly of Camaenidae (Cuezzo 2003) and showed an arrangement of the American genera in two clades, a first one formed by Pleurodonte and a second formed by Eurycratera Beck 1837, Polydontes Montfort 1810, Zachrysia Pilsbry 1894, Caracolus Montfort 1810, Isomeria Albers 1850, Solaropsis and Labyrinthus Beck 1837
Pleurodontidae Genus Solaropsis Beck 1837 Helix (Solaropsis) Beck 1837: 27 Diagnostic characters of the genus Solaropsis: Shell with round-like aperture, body whorl not descending behind the aperture, shell surface with rounded to oval granules, except in Solaropsis feisthameli (Hupe 1853) and S. gibboni
Summary
The genus Solaropsis Beck 1837, as well as the other American taxa formerly classified into Camaenidae, has a complex systematic history that has yet to be untangled. Morphological evidence used for a cladistics analysis supported the monophyly of Camaenidae (Cuezzo 2003) and showed an arrangement of the American genera in two clades, a first one formed by Pleurodonte and a second formed by Eurycratera Beck 1837, Polydontes Montfort 1810, Zachrysia Pilsbry 1894, Caracolus Montfort 1810, Isomeria Albers 1850, Solaropsis and Labyrinthus Beck 1837. Within this last clade, all the South American taxa formed a monophyletic unit with Caracolus as sister group
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