Abstract
We explore new opportunities for solar physics that could be realized by future missions providing sustained observations from vantage points away from the Sun-Earth line (SEL). These include observation from the far side of the Sun, at high latitudes including over the solar poles, or from near-quadrature angles relative to the Earth (e.g., the Sun-Earth L4 & L5 Lagrange points). Such observations fill known holes in our scientific understanding of the three-dimensional time-evolving Sun and heliosphere, and have the potential to open new frontiers through discoveries enabled by novel viewpoints.
Highlights
Observations from satellite missions have transformed the field of solar physics
New Views on the Sun observatory related to extra-Sun-Earth line (SEL) observations, and discuss how these may be filled through future opportunities–including both planned near-term missions and game-changing missions for the decade and beyond
Ulysses confirmed that the global, threedimensional structure of the solar wind around solar minimum is made up of a fast, uniform flow in the northern and solar polar regions, and slow-to-medium speed wind streams originating in a coronal streamer belt that is confined to a relatively narrow range of latitudes on either side of the heliographic equator (McComas et al, 1998)
Summary
Observations from satellite missions have transformed the field of solar physics. High-resolution observations with near-continuous temporal coverage have greatly extended our capability for studying long-term and transient phenomena, and the opening of new regions of the solar spectrum has made detailed investigation of the solar atmosphere possible. Understanding the interior structure of the Sun and the full development of solar activity would benefit greatly from fully three-dimensional monitoring of the solar surface, atmosphere, and heliosphere. New Views on the Sun observatory related to extra-SEL observations, and discuss how these may be filled through future opportunities–including both planned near-term missions and game-changing missions for the decade and beyond.
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