Solar Orbiter SWA Observations of Electron Strahl Properties Inside 1 AU

Abstract

The Solar Wind Analyser (SWA) suite on Solar Orbiter includes an Electron Analyser System (SWA-EAS) which is capable of high temporal and angular resolution measurements of solar wind electrons in the energy range ∼1 eV to ∼5 keV. In this article we report early nominal phase observations of the suprathermal electron population at energies ≥70 eV (representative of the ’strahl’ population), and use a simple fitting routine and classification system to determine the characteristics of the distributions and determine the variations in their properties as a function of heliocentric distance and solar wind properties. We find that under our classification system a significant population of radially outward moving strahl beams is identifiable in the tested samples. These are seen in across solar wind speed regimes, but, consistent with earlier observations, are slightly more prevalent in high speed wind. These beams occur at all distances examined (∼0.43 to ∼1.0 AU), but do not show significant evolution with distance, suggesting a balance between focusing and scattering processes across the distance range covered. However, the data suggests that the beams broaden on average with increasing magnetic field strength and narrow on average with increasing solar wind speed. We also identify a small population, occurring in sporadic clusters, which have deficits in phase space density in the sunward moving part of the electron distribution. These clusters occur across the distance range sampled and show some variations in average properties with radial distance, suggesting they too are influenced by competing scattering and (de-)focusing processes. The implications for the origin and evolution of these electron populations derived from these new observations are explored.