Solar Energy in Kurdistan, Iraq: A Comprehensive Review of Economic and Environmental Implications, Policies, and Advancements

Abstract

This review article prepares an evaluation of the role that solar energy plays, in Kurdistan, Iraq. Specifically, it concentrates on the implications for the region’s economy and environment. By considering sources and empirical studies this review provides a comprehensive overview of the current status of solar energy adoption in Kurdistan. In addition, it explores the associated policy framework. Evaluates both the economic effects, within this specific context. The initial analysis discovers the network of policies and regulations that shape the energy landscape in Kurdistan. It prepares insights, into the opportunities and challenges associated with these policies. The study also considers the advancements in photovoltaic systems, energy storage, and grid integration in this region. These advancements play a significant role in ensuring efficient solar power generation. Moreover, this review thoroughly evaluates the impact of energy. It emphasizes how cost-effective it is and highlights its potential to increase energy security mitigate reliance on fuels and stimulate growth, in Kurdistan. It also discovers the barriers to adoption, offering insights into financing mechanisms and investment strategies essential for unlocking the full economic potential of solar energy. In the realm of environmental considerations, this review evaluates the profound effect of solar energy adoption in terms of reducing carbon emissions, reducing air pollution, and promoting sustainable development. The results emphasize the regional commitment to a cleaner and more environmentally responsible energy infrastructure. Finally, this article underscores the multifaceted opportunities and challenges that solar energy presents in Kurdistan. Preparing a balanced evaluation of policy, technology, economics, and environmental aspects, equips policymakers, scholars, and industry stakeholders with valuable insights for fostering the widespread integration of solar energy in this dynamic region. Through critical analysis and nuanced recommendations, this review contributes to the current discourse on Kurdistan's transition toward a sustainable and economically viable energy landscape.