Abstract
<p>The aim of this paper is to discuss the characterisation of a solar energy harvesting system to be integrated in a wireless sensor node, to be deployed on means of transport to pervasively collect measurements of Particulate Matter (PM) concentration in urban areas. The sensor node is based on the use of low-cost PM sensors and exploits LoRaWAN connectivity to remotely transfer the collected data. The node also integrates GPS localisation features, that allow to associate the measured values with the geographical coordinates of the sampling site. In particular, the system is provided with an innovative, small-scale, solar-based powering solution that allows its energy self-sufficiency and then its functioning without the need for a connection to the power grid. Tests concerning the energy production of the solar cell were performed in order to optimise the functioning of the sensor node: satisfactory results were achieved in terms of number of samplings per hour. Finally, field tests were carried out with the integrated environmental monitoring device proving its effectiveness.</p>
Highlights
Energy self-sufficiency is one of the crucial requirements for the realisation of efficient real-time distributed monitoring infrastructures, in wide range of application fields, from environmental [1], [2] and cultural heritage monitoring [3], [4] to the aerospace [5] and the Smart Industry [6], [7] domains
In order to demonstrate the validity of the proposed solution, it has been embedded in a wireless sensing device thought to be employed for distributed real-time environmental monitoring: in particular, the sensing device is provided with sensors for the measurement of Particulate Matter (PM), with a GPS module for localisation and tracking purposes and with Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) connectivity
The aim of this paper was to propose the architecture of a self-powered LoRaWAN sensor node for the pervasive measurement of PM concentrations in urban areas
Summary
Energy self-sufficiency is one of the crucial requirements for the realisation of efficient real-time distributed monitoring infrastructures, in wide range of application fields, from environmental [1], [2] and cultural heritage monitoring [3], [4] to the aerospace [5] and the Smart Industry [6], [7] domains. In order to demonstrate the validity of the proposed solution, it has been embedded in a wireless sensing device thought to be employed for distributed real-time environmental monitoring: in particular, the sensing device is provided with sensors for the measurement of Particulate Matter (PM), with a GPS module for localisation and tracking purposes and with Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) connectivity. Such a device is expected to be employed within a Smart City context. 6 provides some field test results while in section 7 some conclusive remarks are presented
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