Abstract
O+1 and N+1 are important ring current ions in great magnetic storms. We study ∼10–210 keV/e O+1 and N+1 in dayside outer ring current (ORC) at ∼9–15 RE using Geotail's EPIC/STICS ion spectrometer. We find: average N+1/O+1 (ΓN/O) varies by ∼2 over a solar cycle, ∼40% (∼20%) at solar minimum (maximum); individual ΓN/O values range from ∼0.15 (moderate solar maximum storm) to ∼1 (18‐hr solar minimum superquiet interval); and N+1 is third in importance after H+ and O+1 during two moderate storms (Dstmin ∼ −80 nT, ∼25% great storm intensity), one at minimum, one maximum. High‐latitude topside ionospheric AE‐D/MIMS ion composition data form a baseline reference used to argue that ORC ΓN/O variations generally reflect and may be partially explained by topside ionospheric density ΓN/O spatial variations.
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