Solar and Shading Potential of Different Configurations of Building Integrated Photovoltaics Used as Shading Devices Considering Hot Climatic Conditions

Omar Asfour

doi:10.3390/su10124373

Abstract

This study investigates the use of building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPVs) as shading devices in hot climates, with reference to the conditions of Saudi Arabia. It used parametric numerical modelling to critically appraise the potential of eight design configurations in this regard, including vertical and horizontal shading devices with different inclination angles. The study assumed that the examined shading devices could be entirely horizontal or vertical on the three exposed facades, which is common practice in architecture. The study found that the examined configurations offered different solar and shading potentials. However, the case of horizontal BIPV shading devices with a 45° tilt angle received the highest amount of annual total insolation (104 kWh/m2) and offered effective window shading of 96% of the total window area on average in summer. The study concluded that, unlike the common recommendation of avoiding horizontal shading devices on eastern and western facades, it is possible in countries characterised with high solar altitudes such as Saudi Arabia to use them effectively to generate electricity and provide the required window shading.

Highlights

In recent decades, researchers have been actively engaged in studying renewable energy technologies, including their potential applications in buildings
After the completion of the simulation, the use of shading devices as building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPVs) in the proposed cases was assessed depending on the DesignBuilder/EnergyPlus outputs
The second factor depends on BIPV position, e.g., on the top floor or on the typical floor

Summary

Introduction

Researchers have been actively engaged in studying renewable energy technologies, including their potential applications in buildings. These efforts are driven by the insecurity of fossil fuel supplies and the associated negative environmental impacts. One important renewable energy source in this regard is solar energy, which could be effectively used in buildings for water heating and electricity generation. This is even more effective in hot climates due to the abundant availability of solar radiation.

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Conclusion