Abstract
This paper aimed to present a systematic study of the effects caused by the strong earthquake that struck southern Italy on 23 November 1980 (Ms = 6.9) and affected the Campania and Basilicata regions. Two aspects are discussed here: The broadening of the knowledge of the response site effects by considering several soil free-field conditions and the assessment of the role of the soil–structure interaction (SSI) on a representative benchmark structure. This research study, based on the state-of-the-art knowledge, may be applied to assess future seismic events and to propose new original code provisions. The numerical simulations were herein performed with the advanced platform OpenSees, which can consider non-linear models for both the structure and the soil. The results show the importance of considering the SSI in the seismic assessment of soil amplifications and its consequences on the structural performance.
Highlights
The 23 November 1980 Irpinia–Basilicata (Southern Italy) earthquake (Ms = 6.9) caused deep changes in the urban socio-economic layout, and primary and secondary effects that brought about changes to the natural environment, such as landslides (e.g., Senerchia, Buoninventre, Caposele, Calitri, San Giorgio La Molara, and Grassano) [1,2,3,4]
With respect to this event, the documentary sources are based on two main typologies of technical data preserved in local archives: The “Scheda A” and “Scheda B”, which report the damages to the buildings, consisting mostly of reinforced concrete (RC) structures characterized by infill masonry walls (IMWs), which are representative of the Italian residential buildings
The principal novelty of were calculated known for the performed the values of the shear forces that the paper consisted of proposing a model that performs detailed simulations of both the soil and occurred in the masonry elements show that shear failure may potentially occur in these elements, as expected and as proved by the damage that occurred during the 23 November 1980 Irpinia–Basilicata earthquake
Summary
The 23 November 1980 Irpinia–Basilicata (Southern Italy) earthquake (Ms = 6.9) caused deep changes in the urban socio-economic layout, and primary and secondary effects that brought about changes to the natural environment, such as landslides (e.g., Senerchia, Buoninventre, Caposele, Calitri, San Giorgio La Molara, and Grassano) [1,2,3,4]. It consisted of several rupture episodes, which occurred at 0.18 and 40 s from the foreshock, and it was assigned a surface-wave magnitude of Ms = 6.9 [5,6]. Other important documents are the recovery plans (named “Piani di Recupero”) of the historical centers, the other sources used to analyze the outcomes of the earthquake at the urban scale
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