Abstract
In Earth Sciences there is a growing interest in studies concerning soil-radon activity, due to its potential as a tracer of numerous natural phenomena. Our work marks an advance in the comprehension of the interplay between tectonic activity, volcanic eruptions and gas release through faults. Soil-radon measurements, acquired on Mt. Etna volcano in 2009–2011, were analyzed. Our radon probe is sensitive to changes in both volcanic and seismic activity. Radon data were reviewed in light of the meteorological parameters. Soil samples were analyzed to characterize their uranium content. All data have been summarized in a physical model which identifies the radon sources, highlights the mechanism of radon transport and envisages how such a mechanism may change as a consequence of seismicity and volcanic events. In the NE of Etna, radon is released mainly from a depth of <1400 m, with an ascent speed of >50 m/day. Three periods of anomalous gas release were found (February 2010, January and February 2011). The trigger of the first anomaly was tectonic, while the second and third had a volcanic origin. These results mark a significant step towards a better understanding of the endogenous mechanisms that cause changes in soil-radon emission at active volcanoes.
Highlights
In Earth Sciences there is a growing interest in studies concerning soil-radon activity, due to its potential as a tracer of numerous natural phenomena
Radon has been used on active volcanoes such as Etna, both as a precursor of volcanic phenomena[9,10,11,12,13] and as a key-parameter in the study of the dynamics of faults[14,15,16,17,18,19], including those that are buried by recent lavas or tephra[20,21]
In order to study the potential radon emission of the rocks at depth beneath the ERN4 station, six rock samples have been collected from lava outcrops located both inside the study area and around it
Summary
In Earth Sciences there is a growing interest in studies concerning soil-radon activity, due to its potential as a tracer of numerous natural phenomena. The trigger of the first anomaly was tectonic, while the second and third had a volcanic origin These results mark a significant step towards a better understanding of the endogenous mechanisms that cause changes in soil-radon emission at active volcanoes. Radon is a radioactive noble gas naturally released by all rocks It is used by the scientific community as a tracer of natural phenomena related to outgassing from the soil along faults, fractures and crustal discontinuities[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]. We used all of the acquired data to produce a physical model of the study area, in order to identify the possible sources of radon, to study the mechanism of radon transport in the upper crust of Mt. Etna and to envisage how such mechanism may change in response to variations in seismic and volcanic activity
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