Abstract
Soil microorganisms exhibit a high degree of spatial variation, even in homogenously managed agroecosystems. The spatial pattern of microbial biomass and activity may be related to soil properties like hydrology, texture, organic matter and pH. This study took place in a 0.4-ha field with research plots under wheat and maize production. Soil microbial biomass, respiration and extractable nutrient levels were not generally affected by fertilizer treatments (inorganic NP fertilizer, poultry manure), relative to the unfertilized plots. This was probably due to soil heterogeneity; for instance, soil pH (1:2, soil:water) ranged from 5.8 to 7.2 across the field. Exploratory path analysis revealed that soil pH, dissolved organic carbon and total organic carbon concentrations were directly related to the spatial pattern in soil microbial biomass and respiration. This work demonstrates that path analysis could be used to identify independent soil variables and describe relationships between soil properties and microbial indicators in spatially heterogeneous agroecosystems. Key words: Field variability, microbial biomass, mineral fertilizer, organic amendment, soil respiration, spatial dependence
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