Soil properties and soybean yield depending from the use of green manure of oats

Abstract

Green fertilizer (green manure) serves as an inexhaustible and constantly renewable source of nutrients and organic matter. The search for ways to increase the efficiency of traditional ways of using green manure, and the development of new methods for their use are an important task of modern agriculture. The purpose of the research is to determine the effect of green manure on the agrochemical properties of the soil, soybean yield and their degree of relationship in the conditions of the Amur Region. Studies on the assessment of oat green manure were carried out from 2016 to 2022 in the village of Kovrizhka, Konstantinovsky district, Amur region, within the boundaries of the land use of the peasant family farm “Pchela” . The experiment was placed in a production environment, where each of the five fields was taken as a variant, with the corresponding area: field 1 - 240 ha, field 2 - 158 ha, field 3 - 270 ha, field 4 - 350 ha and field 5 - 256 ha. In each field, in accordance with the scheme of the experiment, oats were cultivated for green manure, mineral fertilizers were not used. Green manure of oats contributed to an increase in the pHH20 value to 6,80-6,93 units, pHKCI value to 5,50-5, 70 units рН. The content of mobile phosphorus, determined by the method of A.T. Kirsanov, decreased every year of research, while the minimum values of the content of this element were recorded in 2022 (11-87 mg/kg of soil). The positive effect of green manure was reflected in the content of exchangeable potassium, while an increase in the content of this element was noted only in 2019 by 12-73 mg/kg of soil, and after 3 years, the indicators were lower by 37-73 mg/kg of soil.