Abstract
The incidence of weed species in 482 cereal and 224 vegetable field plots in southern and central Finland was investigated. The occurrence of the 16 most common weed species was related to soil properties. Chenopodium album L., Lamium spp. L. and Fallopio convolvulus (L.) Löve were more abundant in clay than in coarse mineral or organic soils. Elymus repens (L.) Gould, Erysimum cheiranthoides L., Lapsana communis L., Myosolis arvensis (L.) Hill and Poa annua L. thrived better in coarse than in clay soils. Polygonum lapalhifolium L. and Rumex spp. L. were more abundant in organic than in mineral soils, and Lamium spp. was not found at all in organic soils. Rumex spp., Poa annua and Polygonum lapalhifolium had higher densities at the lowest pH level, < 5.2. Lamium spp. and Myosolis spp. thrived at the highest pH levels. Poa annua and Spergula arvensis were most common in soils where the extractable calcium concentration was below 1000 mg l-1 soil.
Highlights
A study was carried out in 1982 - 1984 to determine the occurrence of weeds in Finnish spring cereals (Erviö and Salonen 1987) and vegetable fields
As part of this study, the present paper discusses the influence of soil types and soil properties on the occurrence of weed species in cereal and vegetable fields of southern and central Finland
In a previous paper (Salonen 1993) examining the total weed density, not the density by species, differences were found between soil types in the total weed biomass but not in the total weed density
Summary
A study was carried out in 1982 - 1984 to determine the occurrence of weeds in Finnish spring cereals (Erviö and Salonen 1987) and vegetable fields. As part of this study, the present paper discusses the influence of soil types and soil properties on the occurrence of weed species in cereal and vegetable fields of southern and central Finland. The importance of available nutrients for weed abundance has been investigated. It would seem that physical soil properties such as porosity, aeration, waterholding capacity and humus content have a more marked effect on the abundance of weeds than do chemical soil properties (Ellenberg 1951, Rehder 1959)
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