Abstract
Soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] have great economic prominence in the world, and soil management systems can directly interfere with their yield through changes in soil physical-hydric properties. Thus, the aim of this research was to verify the relationship between yield components, physiological traits, root development, and soil physical-hydric properties in soybean yields grown under conventional tillage and no-tillage systems. The experiment was carried out in Botucatu, SP, Brazil, with two treatments: soybeans grown under conventional tillage and no tillage. It is a long-term experiment, conducted since 1986. The main variables that influenced soybean yield were plant height, relative leaf water content, root dry matter, soil penetration resistance, and soil accumulated water infiltration. Physiological components of the plant and soil water showed a significant and negative correlation with soybean yield. On the other hand, the root development and soil physical components were positively correlated with soybean yield. However, the yield components were not significant. The no-tillage system resulted in 7.8% more soybean productivity compared to conventional tillage. Soybean yield depends on the physical properties and the water storage capacity of the soil, as well as on the physiological traits and the root development of the plant.
Highlights
Soil management systems directly interfere with the productive response of crops, mainly through changes in the soil physical-hydric properties [1,2]
There is research evaluating the effect of soil management systems, mainly between conventional tillage (CT) and no-tillage (NT); these research studies evaluate the effects on the soil or the plant, in isolation [3–6], leaving a gap to be filled, on responses of these managements jointly, so as to facilitate the understanding of the soil-plant system
The aim of this research was to verify how the soil physical and hydric properties, as well as the production, physiological, and rootdevelopment variables affect the yield of soybeans grown under conventional tillage and no-tillage systems
Summary
Soil management systems directly interfere with the productive response of crops, mainly through changes in the soil physical-hydric properties [1,2]. There is research evaluating the effect of soil management systems, mainly between conventional tillage (CT) and no-tillage (NT); these research studies evaluate the effects on the soil or the plant, in isolation [3–6], leaving a gap to be filled, on responses of these managements jointly, so as to facilitate the understanding of the soil-plant system. Areas managed under CT are more vulnerable to plants under water-deficit conditions, due to the lower rate of water infiltration, less storage capacity, and plant water availability [7,8]. It is worth mentioning that the effects on soil physical-hydric properties in CT are temporary, requiring annual operations [11]
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