Abstract
Soil moisture is an important parameter among the fifty “Essential Climate Variables” according to Global Climate Observing System (GCOS). It allows to perform several applications in different fields, especially hydrological, meteorological and agricultural ones. There are several methods for measuring this parameter in two main categories: in-situ methods and remote sensing. In this sense, two well-known satellites are invested, namely Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) from European Space Agency (ESA) launched in 2009 and Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) from National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) launched in 2015. This work will be dedicated to the state of the art of soil moisture downscaling and applications across various regions of the world, including Canada, USA and Spain to take advantage of these studies for a future effective exploitation of soil moisture mapping in a Moroccan context.
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