Abstract
The paper deals with the study of rate of soil moisture movement and recharge to groundwater system at Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) farm for the years 1973, 1974 and 1975. The utility of artificially injected tritium, experimental techniques adopted and a quantitative determination of recharge and moisture movement rates are discussed. Corrections for upward movement of moisture after the end of monsoon have been used to calculate the average rates of water movement below the injection level and groundwater recharge. Average rates of soil moisture movement and recharge are 9.4 mm/d and 27.4% (193 mm) of monsoon precipitation for three years respectively. Under favourable conditions the diffusion coefficients for soil water system are calculated assuming Gaussian distribution of tritium concentrations in the soil profiles. The average value of diffusion coefficient is 2.5 × 10−5 cm2/s for the sandy loam soils. The variation in recharge is mainly due to inherent variability in soil physical properties and vegetative cover. The technique is not found reliable for higher water table conditions on account of lateral flow.
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