Abstract
The need for the general use of the category 'soil ecosystem' (SE) as objectively more comprehensive and more specific than the laconic term 'soil' is discussed and supported by arguments. Agroecosystem soils in organic and intensive farming are compared. Soil health (SH) as a new, basic property of SE is commented upon. Methods for determining SH and its characteristic parameters are specified. The need to assess the health of SEs depending on their type and utilization is emphasized. The topics covered include soil health maintenance and protection options, natural and induced suppressiveness of SEs, and potential routes to diagnosis and treatment of soils in modern agroecosystems.
Highlights
The existing body of knowledge in this field is sufficient to ensure that the term “soil ecosystem” (SE) is argumentatively accepted and employed instead of the simple traditional term “soil”
Scientific, practical and other standpoints. It instantly directs both theoreticians and practitioners towards the need to distinguish between several classes of soil ecosystems, at least between natural soil ecosystems and soil ecosystems utilized by humans
Their transgenes serve as codes for the biosynthesis of substances which are non-toxic to humans and warm-blooded animals, and which ensure genetically modified organisms (GMO) crop resistance to phytopathogens, phytophages and non-selective herbicides (Семенов и др., 2016; Семенов и др., 2016а)
Summary
The existing body of knowledge in this field is sufficient to ensure that the term “soil ecosystem” (SE) is argumentatively accepted and employed instead of the simple traditional term “soil”. The concept of soil ecosystem most completely reflects the content of the systemic natural formation traditionally termed “soil”, and provides a more objective characterization of this biological system from. The objective of this paper is to treat some current environmental problems related to soil ecosystem health in different SEs, and take a look at different approaches to solving these problems on a fundamental level and in practical terms i.e. with respect to soil ecosystem treatment. The meaning of the concept of soil ecosystem is discussed, and categories of SEs are specified in terms of their intended use, utilization, cultivation, and related problems. Ways to solve problems associated with soil health, parameters typical of this biological category, and the specificity of diagnostics, treatment and maintenance of soil health in modern agroecosystems are presented
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