Abstract

Improper soil and crop management practices have resulted in loss of soil carbon. Worldwide, about 1417 Pg of soil carbon is stored in first meter soil depth, while 456-Pg soil carbon is stored in above-below ground vegetation and dead organic matter. Healthy soils can be helpful in combating the climate change because soils having high organic matter can have higher CO2 sequestration potential. Main agronomic practices responsible for soil carbon loss include improper tillage operations, crop rotations, residue management, fertilization, and similarly no or less use of organic fertilizers that have resulted in the loss of soil organic matter in the form of CO2. The share of agriculture sector in the entire emissions of global GHGs in the form of CO2, N2O, and CH4 is about 25-30%. Studies have shown that by adapting proper tillage operations, the use of such kind of crop rotations that can improve soil organic matter and similarly the application of organic fertilizers, i.e., FYM, compost, and other organic amendments such as humic acid, vermicompost, etc., can be useful in soil carbon sequestration.

Highlights

  • Soil carbon (C) sequestration implies the removal of atmospheric CO2, by plants and storage of the fixed C through incorporation into soil organic matter [1]

  • Agriculture sector can be supportive in the lessening of emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs), and if suitable agronomic practices are to be adopted, agricultural soils have the potential to act as a sink for CO2 sequestration

  • Research regarding the restoration of grassland shows that through their biotic and biotic effects, legume species have more positive effects on the restoration of grasslands as compared with the application of mineral fertilizers [75]. This above shows that keeping in view the economic considerations, selection of appropriate crop rotations according to the soil and environmental conditions can be helpful in the sequestration of carbon, which improve soil fertility and reduce the emissions of CO2 into the atmosphere and increase farmer’s income

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Summary

Introduction

Soil carbon (C) sequestration implies the removal of atmospheric CO2, by plants and storage of the fixed C through incorporation into soil organic matter [1]. Emissions of CO2 from soil can be reduced by the adoption of such practices that can increase C input in soils and can lessen the decomposition potential of soil organic matter. These kinds of practices have a vital role in storage and in release of C within terrestrial C cycle [13]. Agriculture sector can be supportive in the lessening of emissions of GHGs, and if suitable agronomic practices are to be adopted, agricultural soils have the potential to act as a sink for CO2 sequestration. Healthy soils can be supportive in combating the climate change because soils having high organic matter can have higher CO2 sequestration potential

Tillage
Nutrient management
Animal manure and compost application
Crop rotations
Residues management
Cover crops
Use of improved crop varieties
Soil biota management
Bio char
2.10 Agroforestry
Findings
Conclusion
Full Text
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