Abstract
We introduce a skin-friendly electronic system that enables human-computer interaction (HCI) for swallowing training in dysphagia rehabilitation. For an ergonomic HCI, we utilize a soft, highly compliant (“skin-like”) electrode, which addresses critical issues of an existing rigid and planar electrode combined with a problematic conductive electrolyte and adhesive pad. The skin-like electrode offers a highly conformal, user-comfortable interaction with the skin for long-term wearable, high-fidelity recording of swallowing electromyograms on the chin. Mechanics modeling and experimental quantification captures the ultra-elastic mechanical characteristics of an open mesh microstructured sensor, conjugated with an elastomeric membrane. Systematic in vivo studies investigate the functionality of the soft electronics for HCI-enabled swallowing training, which includes the application of a biofeedback system to detect swallowing behavior. The collection of results demonstrates clinical feasibility of the ergonomic electronics in HCI-driven rehabilitation for patients with swallowing disorders.
Highlights
IntroductionA swallowing disorder, refers to difficulty or impossibility in swallowing food or liquid
Dysphagia, a swallowing disorder, refers to difficulty or impossibility in swallowing food or liquid
Direct comparison between skin-like and conventional rigid electrodes in swallowing measurement captures the advantage of the soft electronics for ergonomic human-computer interaction (HCI) systems
Summary
A swallowing disorder, refers to difficulty or impossibility in swallowing food or liquid. Conventional, non-invasive measurement of electrophysiology on the skin incorporates surface-mounted electrodes with adhesive pads and conductive gels, which constraints natural skin deformation and even causes adverse effects like skin irritation and allergic reactions[34]. To address those issues, our prior works[35,36,37] introduced conformal electronic systems that are ultra-thin, ultra-light, and deformable, while minimizing thermal and mechanical loadings to the skin. This work demonstrates the feasibility of the skin-like electronics-enabled, user-comfortable HCI as a rehabilitation tool
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