Soft contact lenses functionalized with pendant cyclodextrins for controlled drug delivery

Abstract

The aim of this work was to develop acrylic hydrogels with high proportions of cyclodextrins maintaining the mechanical properties and the biocompatibility of the starting hydrogels, but notably improving their ability to load drugs and to control their release rate. Poly(hydroxyethylmethacrylate) hydrogels were prepared by copolymerization with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) at various proportions and then β-cyclodextrin (βCD) was grafted to the network by reaction with the glycidyl groups under mild conditions. This led to networks in which the βCDs form no part of the structural chains but they are hanging on 2–3 ether bonds through the hydroxyl groups. The pendant βCDs did not modify the light transmittance, glass transition temperature, swelling degree, viscoelasticity, oxygen permeability, or surface contact angle of the hydrogels, but decreased their friction coefficient by 50% and improved diclofenac loading by 1300% and enhanced drug affinity 15-fold. The hydrogels were able to prevent drug leakage to a common conservation liquid for soft contact lenses (SCLs) and to sustain drug delivery in lacrimal fluid for two weeks. To summarize, the hydrogels with pendant βCDs are particularly useful for the development of cytocompatible medicated implants or biomedical devices, such as drug-loaded SCLs.