Sodium Rechargeable Batteries with Electrolytes Based on Nafion Membranes Intercalated by Mixtures of Organic Solvents

Andrey Yaroslavtsev,Alexander Skundin,Tatiana Kulova,Andrey Chekannikov,Svetlana Novikova,Daria Voropaeva

doi:10.3390/batteries4040061

Andrey Yaroslavtsev, Alexander Skundin + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries4040061

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Abstract

The possibilities of manufacturing batteries with Nafion 117 membranes in the Na+-form intercalated by mixtures of non-aqueous organic solvents used both as an electrolyte, separator, and binder were investigated. Electrochemical stability of various organic solvent mixtures based on N,N-dimethylacetamide, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, and tetrahydrofuran were characterized. It was shown that a sodium battery based on a Nafion-Na membrane intercalated by mixture of ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate with a Na3V1.9Fe0.1(PO4)3/C positive electrode is characterized by a discharge capacity of ≈110 mAh·g−1 (current density of 10 mA·g−1) at room temperature and shows the ability to cycle without degradation during 20 cycles. Batteries with Nafion membrane electrolytes, containing N,N-dimethylacetamide, were characterized using capacity fading during cycling, which is due to the interaction of N,N-dimethylacetamide and a negative sodium electrode.

Highlights

Of late, sodium-ion batteries have attracted keen attention [1,2,3]
The theoretical energy density of sodium battery with a polymer electrolyte and a positive electrode based on the Na3 V1.9 Fe0.1 (PO4 )3 /C composite amounts to 360 Wh·kg−1
An estimation of the possibility of creating a sodium battery with a polymer electrolyte based on a Nafion membrane intercalated with a mixture of aprotic organic solvents and a positive electrode based on the Na3 V1.9 Fe0.1 (PO4 )3 /C composite was made

Summary

Introduction

Sodium-ion batteries have attracted keen attention [1,2,3]. In such batteries, the positive and negative electrodes are made of materials capable of reversibly inserting sodium without the release of a free metallic phase. The positive and negative electrodes are made of materials capable of reversibly inserting sodium without the release of a free metallic phase This is what ensures their safe functioning. The theoretical specific capacity of metallic sodium during its anodic dissolution amounts to. The potential of sodium metal at its anodic dissolution is noticeably more negative than that of intercalation electrodes during discharge, which contributes to an increase in the discharge voltage of the battery. It is known that metallic sodium (as well as metallic lithium) is not capable of prolonged cycling

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