Sodium Orthovanadate Changes Fatty Acid Composition and Increased Expression of Stearoyl-Coenzyme A Desaturase in THP-1 Macrophages

Jan Korbecki,Arleta Drozd,Agnieszka Łukomska,Izabela Gutowska,Katarzyna Barczak,Dariusz Chlubek,Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka,Maciej Tarnowski,Marta Wiercioch

doi:10.1007/s12011-019-01699-2

Jan Korbecki, Arleta Drozd + Show 7 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-019-01699-2

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Abstract

Vanadium compounds are promising antidiabetic agents. In addition to regulating glucose metabolism, they also alter lipid metabolism. Due to the clear association between diabetes and atherosclerosis, the purpose of the present study was to assess the effect of sodium orthovanadate on the amount of individual fatty acids and the expression of stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase (SCD or Δ9-desaturase), Δ5-desaturase, and Δ6-desaturase in macrophages. THP-1 macrophages differentiated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) were incubated in vitro for 48 h with 1 μM or 10 μM sodium orthovanadate (Na3VO4). The estimation of fatty acid composition was performed by gas chromatography. Expressions of the genes SCD, fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1), and fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) were tested by qRT-PCR. Sodium orthovanadate in THP-1 macrophages increased the amount of saturated fatty acids (SFA) such as palmitic acid and stearic acid, as well as monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA)—oleic acid and palmitoleic acid. Sodium orthovanadate caused an upregulation of SCD expression. Sodium orthovanadate at the given concentrations did not affect the amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) such as linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). In conclusion, sodium orthovanadate changed SFA and MUFA composition in THP-1 macrophages and increased expression of SCD. Sodium orthovanadate did not affect the amount of any PUFA. This was associated with a lack of influence on the expression of FADS1 and FADS2.

Highlights

Vanadium is a metal that forms numerous inorganic compounds and complexes with organic substances
Sodium orthovanadate in THP-1 macrophages increased the amount of saturated fatty acids (SFA) (Fig. 1)
Sodium orthovanadate increased the amount of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in THP-1 macrophages (Fig. 2)

Summary

Introduction

Vanadium is a metal that forms numerous inorganic compounds and complexes with organic substances. They are the subject of growing interest among researchers thanks to their antitumor properties [1]. Due to the inhibition of PTP, increase the phosphorylation of proteins on tyrosine residues. This causes changes in various signaling pathways. Vanadium compounds by inhibiting PTP-1B cause an increase in phosphorylation of the insulin receptor [16,17,18,19]. Thanks to Sodium Orthovanadate Changes Fatty Acid Composition and Increased Expression of Stearoyl-Coenzyme A

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