Abstract
Although papaya world production is high, the integument of papaya seeds, called sarcotesta, is an obstacle in the seedling production process. The aim of this work was to develop techniques to facilitate the removal of papaya seed sarcotesta for seedlings production. For that, two assays were developed. For the first one, the seeds were immersed in different concentrations of active chlorine (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8%) at ratio 600:200 seeds/mL of solution, respectively, besides the study of intact seeds and seeds subjected to the sieve method + stagnant water. For the second one, the seeds were immersed in active chlorine 2% in different ratios (10: 200; 200: 200; 400: 200 and 600: 200), and the concentration of 0% at ratio 10:200 and the sieve method + stagnant water. The effect of the treatments was evaluated by germination test and scanning electron microscopy. Sodium hypochlorite did not remove completely sarcotesta, but damaged it. In ratio 10:200 in a concentration of 2% of active chlorine for 24 hours, the embryo and the endosperm were not affected, resulting in 80% of germination, which can be an alternative to sarcotesta manual removal.
Highlights
Carica papaya L. is one of the most cultivated species in tropical and subtropical areas of the world, with world production of approximately 12 million tons per year (FAO – Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nations, 2014)
Lima et al (2012) have reported the use of sodium hypochlorite as a viable alternative to replace the mechanical removal of the parchment in coffee beans, which causes damage to the embryo
This study has aimed to study the anatomy structures and germination of Golden variety papaya seeds subjected to sodium hypochlorite solution in different ratios and concentrations of active chlorine
Summary
Carica papaya L. is one of the most cultivated species in tropical and subtropical areas of the world, with world production of approximately 12 million tons per year (FAO – Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nations, 2014). Studies have shown that the presence of sarcotesta, called exotesta, adversely affects the germination process of papaya seeds (Schmildt et al, 1993; Tokuhisa et al, 2007a; Tokuhisa et al, 2008; Melo and Seleguini, 2013). The use of sodium hypochlorite may be an alternative to manual removal of sarcotesta and can act on the esclerotest or part thereof, favoring the germination of freshly harvested seeds (Tokuhisa et al, 2007a). Lima et al (2012) have reported the use of sodium hypochlorite as a viable alternative to replace the mechanical removal of the parchment in coffee beans, which causes damage to the embryo It has been recommended to degrade the endocarp in coffee beans at a concentration of 6% of active chlorine for 3 hours in seeds with initial moisture between 23 and 33% (Sofiatti et al, 2008). Lima et al (2012) have reported the use of sodium hypochlorite as a viable alternative to replace the mechanical removal of the parchment in coffee beans, which causes damage to the embryo
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