Abstract
In order to evaluate the effect of sodium butyrate on the performance of juvenile tilapia 400 fish (28.55 ± 1.55 g) were used, distributed randomly in 20 tanks (250 L) connected in a closed water circulation system. For 55 days, five levels of sodium butyrate (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 g kg-1) were tested, with each experimental unit represented by 20 fish. To evaluate the treatments, the zootechnical performance, the hepatosomatic index, the viscerosomatic relationship, the centesimal composition of the fish, the hematology and the histology of the intestine were analyzed. Significant differences were observed with quadratic behavior for fish weight gain and specific growth factor, with 1.21 g kg-1 being the best result found for weight gain, while for growth factor 1.13 g kg-1 of organic acid. The feed conversion and the viscerosomatic relationship showed linear behavior, reducing the values in relation to the increase in the level of sodium butyrate. In the hematological analysis, triglyceride levels showed a significant difference for the treatment with 0.5 g kg-1, which was 190.75 mg dl-1. In the histological analysis of the intestines and fish composition, there was no significant difference between treatments. The evaluated data demonstrate an effective action of sodium butyrate with the best result for fish performance at the level of 1.21 g kg-1.
Highlights
High density and feeding rates in aquaculture production systems, result in a decrease in the water quality of the crop, stress, and greater susceptibility to infectious diseases (Longhi, et al, 2012)
Butyric acid has a beneficial effect on the intestine (Galfi & Bokori, 1990), and influencing body weight gain (Kotunia, et al, 2004), the use of sodium butyrate in the diet of juveniles of tilapia as a growth promoter
The diets were isoenergetic and isoproteic, differing only in the concentration of sodium butyrate, which was exempt from the control group, and of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 g kg-1 for the other treatments, these dosages being based on the authors Wing-Keong Ng, et al, 2009 and Lim, et al 2010
Summary
High density and feeding rates in aquaculture production systems, result in a decrease in the water quality of the crop, stress, and greater susceptibility to infectious diseases (Longhi, et al, 2012). In this sense, Portz (2006) describes that to improve the health status of fish, the need of balanced diets improves productivity, better response to stress, and resistance to pathogens. Considering that organic acids influence gram-negative bacteria (Lückstädt, 2008), the commercial use of these compounds in fish diets is advisable, as are medium-chain acids, in disease control and in improving growth performance, acting as growth promoters (WingKeong, et al, 2009). Butyric acid has a beneficial effect on the intestine (Galfi & Bokori, 1990), and influencing body weight gain (Kotunia, et al, 2004), the use of sodium butyrate in the diet of juveniles of tilapia as a growth promoter
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