Abstract
BackgroundCurrently, little is known about the effect of sodium butyrate (NaB) on oxidative stress following grain-induced sub-acute ruminal acidosis in dairy goats. In the present study, 18 lactating dairy goats implanted with a ruminal cannula and permanent indwelling catheters in the portal and hepatic veins were randomly allocated into 3 treatment groups over 20 weeks: low grain (LG, 40% grain; n = 6), high grain (HG, 60% grain; n = 6) and high grain with sodium butyrate (HG + NaB, 60% grain + NaB; n = 6).ResultsWhen added to the HG diet, NaB increased the mean ruminal pH and reduced the levels of ruminal, portal and hepatic LPS; Additionally, we observed an increase in SOD1, SOD2, SOD3, GPX1 and CAT mRNA expression, increased levels of TSOD and CAT enzyme activity as well as increased total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) in both the liver and plasma, while GPx activity increased in the liver of goats fed the HG + NaB diet. The mRNA expression of UGT1A1, NQO1, MGST3, and Nrf2, as well as total Nrf2 protein levels were increased in goats fed the HG + NaB diet.ConclusionsOur study indicates that sodium butyrate could improve the oxidative status in sub-acute ruminal acidosis through the partial activation of Nrf2-dependent genes.
Highlights
Little is known about the effect of sodium butyrate (NaB) on oxidative stress following grain-induced sub-acute ruminal acidosis in dairy goats
The highest LPS concentration in the rumen fluid was observed in goats fed the high-grain diet (HG) diet (p ≤ 0.01), compared to those fed the low-grain diet (LG) and HG diets with sodium butyrate
Consistent with the ruminal LPS concentration, goats fed the HG diet had a higher level of LPS in their portal vein plasma than those in the other groups (p ≤ 0.01), whereas no differences were observed between the LG diet and the HG diet with NaB
Summary
Little is known about the effect of sodium butyrate (NaB) on oxidative stress following grain-induced sub-acute ruminal acidosis in dairy goats. Oxidative stress is believed to play a significant role in regulating the metabolic activity of some organs and in productivity in farm animals [3]. Subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) is a common metabolic disorder in Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a bacterial product reported to be translocated to the blood circulation when the gastrointestinal wall and epithelial tight junctions are perturbed [13]. Translocation of LPS into blood circulation in SARA was found to trigger an inflammatory response and leads to oxidative stress [13,14,15], due to an increase of reactive
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