Abstract
ABSTRACTIt was the aim of this study to explore the effects of social, cultural, and transnational factors on the socioeconomic success (SES) of Asian immigrants in the United States. The participants in this study were 1371 Chinese, Vietnamese, Filipinos, and other Asian immigrants who were interviewed with computer-assisted software in Mandarin, Cantonese, Tagalog, Vietnamese, and English. The subcategory ‘other Asians’ consisted of Koreans, Japanese, Asian Indians, and individuals of other Asian backgrounds. Results showed that Chinese had a 56% higher probability of SES than other Asians. Men had an approximately 49% higher probability of SES than women due to gender hierarchies and disparities. SES increases for every unit increase in English language proficiency, native language proficiency, social networks, and parental education. Asians who migrated to the United States between the ages of 18 and 34 have an approximately 102% higher chance of SES than a person who migrated after the age of 35.
Highlights
In recent years there has been a significant increase in immigration from Asian countries to the United States
It was the aim of this study to explore the effects of social, cultural, and transnational factors on the socioeconomic success of Asian immigrants in the United States
Socioeconomic success increases for every unit increase in English language proficiency, native language proficiency, social networks, and parental education
Summary
Pastor (2001) refers to the misconception of the media that assumes a correlation between immigrant status and poverty, failing to recognize the strong work ethic, attachment to the labor market, and increasing success despite hardships, especially among the first generation He further analyzed data for public assistance of low-income households and found the lowest rates among long-term first generation immigrants and the highest rates for U.S.-born householders and most recent immigrants. Researchers (Kim and Zhao 2014; Salaff and Greve 2003; Segura 1989; Waldinger and Feliciano 2004) found that the labor market and socioeconomic opportunities are highly segmented with only a very few promotional opportunities available for women They criticized the fact that major work is mostly applied to men and that there is hardly any attention to gendered inequalities within migrant and ethnic groups. Previous research found that immigrants who are proficient in English have higher rates of socioeconomic success, including higher earnings (Borjas 1994; Chiswick and Miller 2012; Grenier 1984; Lee, Zhou and Kim 2013; McManus et al 1983). Grenier (1984) showed that immigrants who could not speak English faced a 17% wage penalty
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