Abstract
Sustainable green development and environment preservation problems are relevant for unique territories with special economic activity modes, such as the Baikal natural territory. Within Russia, the Republic of Buryatia serves as the model territory for the Lake Baikal ecosystem preservation. Determining the socio-economic development impact on the region’s natural environment and resolving contradictions in transition to the green economic development requires the systematization of economic, social, and environmental processes of quantitative information based on the construction of composite indicators. We construct a composite indicator to assess the socio-economic factor’s impact on the Republic of Buryatia’s current economic state and to compare the current environmental subsystem state and the socio-economic parameters of Buryatia to the average Russian level. We use multiple regression models to determine relationships between various environmental-socio-economic parameters and identify the factors that most impact the environmental states (situations). The measures taken to preserve the unique ecosystem of Lake Baikal have an actual effect. This study shows, that according to the accepted scale, the environmental situation in the region can be characterized as a step towards the green economy transition. The proposed sustainable green development criteria and tools assessment system of the Republic may serve as the basis for forming information and analytical support for an effective economic policy.
Highlights
Environmental factors play a big role in the economic development of fragile nature regions with special nature management regimes and established restrictions on certain economic activities
We develop a methodology to assess the environmental-socio-economic development of the Republic of Buryatia under the impact of current economic conditions by constructing a composite indicator based on three groups of indicators—economic, social, and environmental
Let us consider the changes in the structure of the gross regional product of the Republic of Buryatia for the analyzed period
Summary
Environmental factors play a big role in the economic development of fragile nature regions with special nature management regimes and established restrictions on certain economic activities. This situation leads to a conflict of interest between economic growth and environmental protection, as much of economic growth is still accompanied by environmental pollution, especially in developing countries [1] In such regions, the current socio-economic development model must be changed to a more suitable green economy concept based on specific principles (internalize externalities; create decent work and green jobs; poverty reduction; protect biodiversity and ecosystems; promote resource and energy efficiency; use integrated decision making; have low carbon and low emissions; and maintain economic growth). The current socio-economic development model must be changed to a more suitable green economy concept based on specific principles (internalize externalities; create decent work and green jobs; poverty reduction; protect biodiversity and ecosystems; promote resource and energy efficiency; use integrated decision making; have low carbon and low emissions; and maintain economic growth) These principles help to clarify the interpretation of the green economy concept by different international organizations and other stakeholders. The term green economy was first coined during the late 1980s [3] in a pioneering 1989 report for the Government of the United
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