Abstract
Objective: To identify the social and gestational factors associated with birth weight of full-term newborns. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2004 and July 2005. The information was obtained through the Statement of Live Birth and subsequent home visit after the child’s birth. Results: The mean birth weight in the sample was 3,146 (± 375 grams), and the incidence of low birth weight was 7.5%. In the multivariate analysis female children, maternal age less than 19 years, smoking during pregnancy and greater overcrowding in the home were associated with significantly lower mean birth weight. The most significant difference was seen among children whose mothers were smokers, with a mean birth weight less than 258grs compared to nonsmoking mothers (p = 0.001). Jointly, these factors accounted for 16% of the variation in birth weight. Conclusion: Greater investment in primary care is required, in an attempt to reduce the number of adolescent pregnancies and smoking during pregnancy, among other factors relevant to the health of the newborn
Highlights
The most significant difference was seen among children whose mothers were smokers, with a mean birth weight less than 258grs compared to nonsmoking mothers (p = 0.001)
Análise multivariada de fatores de risco para o baixo peso ao nascer em nascidos vivos do município de São Paulo, SP (Brasil)
Summary
Determinantes socioeconômicos e gestacionais do peso ao nascer de crianças nascidas a termo. RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar os fatores sociais e gestacionais associados ao peso ao nascer de crianças nascidas a termo. Observou-se, na análise multivariada, que crianças do gênero feminino, idade materna inferior a 19 anos, o hábito de fumar durante a gestação e maior aglomeração de pessoas no domicílio associaramse significantemente com menor média de peso ao nascer. A diferença mais expressiva ocorreu entre as crianças cujas mães eram tabagistas, com uma média de peso dessas crianças menor que 258grs quando comparadas com mães não tabagistas (p=0,001). Conclusão: Considera-se necessário maior investimento na atenção básica, na tentativa de reduzir o número de gestantes adolescentes e do hábito de fumar durante a gestação, dentre outros fatores relevantes para a saúde do recém-nascido.
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