Abstract
AbstractMaterial deprivation is a key aspect of social exclusion, and the domain of economic exclusion, for the older population. In this chapter we utilised cross-sectional data from Wave 5 (2013) of the Survey of Health and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) and logistic regression analysis to assess the variation in material deprivation of the population aged 50+ across four geographic clusters of welfare regimes in Europe. We used the SHARE-based Material Deprivation Index (MDI) to assess the associations between material deprivation and socio-demographic factors (age, gender, education, economic activity status, household type, number of children, residential area, chronic diseases and limitations of daily activities, and origin). We observed a pronounced variation in material deprivation among the older population across welfare clusters, with high levels of MDI in the Eastern and Southern clusters. Living alone, having a large number of children, low education, activity limitations, and being of immigrant origin significantly increase the risk of material deprivation in older age in all clusters. The study also identified subgroups of older persons that have an increased risk of material deprivation in some but not all clusters, such as those aged 80+ and rural residents in the Southern and Eastern clusters.
Highlights
The concept of social exclusion encompasses the processes and interplay of factors that hinder personal well-being and, full and equal participation in society
In contrast to the earlier SHARE-based analyses of associations between material deprivation and socio-demographic risk factors (e.g. Adena et al 2015; Bertoni et al 2015; Franzese 2015), we address a wider set of risk factors and investigate the variation in their effects across welfare clusters
We used SHARE data to investigate the risk of material deprivation of older persons as a dimension of economic exclusion associated with socio- demographic factors in 14 countries across Europe and Israel
Summary
The concept of social exclusion encompasses the processes and interplay of factors that hinder personal well-being and, full and equal participation in society. Myck et al (2017) point out that economic exclusion in later life – a process that relates to the focus of this chapter – is rooted in the development of material well-being over the life course and entails an incapacity to address expected and unexpected changes in the level of material conditions and needs. In addition to current income, economic exclusion involves low assets, a shortage of durable goods accumulated over the life course, limited access to services, and other types of non-monetary material wealth. The concept of material deprivation includes non-monetary aspects of economic exclusion (Boarini and Mira d’Ercole 2006)
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