Sociodemographic Predictors of Attitudes to Support Seeking From a Medical Doctor or Other Health Provider Among Rural Australians.

Abstract

Rural Australians experience higher prevalence of several chronic diseases than metropolitan Australians and are less likely to access supportive health services. This study explored associations of sociodemographic factors and barriers to support seeking for health in a sample of rural South Australians. Participants (n=610) from three rural regions participated in a computer-assisted telephone interview (CATI), based on the Barriers to Help Seeking Scale. Each participant reported on barriers in one of three health contexts: 'general' physical health, skin cancer, and mental health. Sociodemographic factors included gender, age, highest education, region of residence, and presence of chronic conditions. Chi-squared Automatic Interaction Detection (CHAID) determined independent associations of sociodemographic factors and barrier categories (high, medium and low importance). Privacy was a high-importance barrier in the mental health context, particularly among participants of age <63 years. The tendency to minimise and normalise health issues was also a high-importance barrier in the mental health context. In the physical health context, those with a chronic condition were more likely to perceive normalisation as a barrier than those without a chronic condition. Need for control and self-reliance was a high-importance barrier in the mental health context and a low-importance barrier in the skin cancer context, particularly among participants <63 years. Structural factors and distrust of providers were high-importance barriers among those who did not complete secondary education, regardless of context. This study highlights the importance of a nuanced approach to promoting help-seeking in rural Australians, with message content and delivery tailored to specific health conditions and demographic circumstances.